Замена оральной полиомиелитной вакцины c трехвалентной на бивалентную
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В России происходит переход с трехвалентной на бивалентную оральную полиомиелитную вакцину (ОПВ) в соответствии с резолюцией Всемирной организации здравоохранения. Применявшаяся ранее вакцина против полиомиелита содержала вирусы полиомиелита 1-го, 2-го и 3-го типов, т.е. была трехвалентной (тОПВ).
Переход связан с двумя обстоятельствами:
1) в мире с 1999 года не зафиксировано находок дикого вируса полиомиелита 2 типа;
2) именно с компонентом вируса 2-го типа ОПВ связано 90% случаев циркуляции вакциннородственных полиовирусов в глобальном масштабе.
В апреле 2016 года во всем мире должна была быть изъята и уничтожена вакцина, содержащая вирус 2-го типа. В России национальный день перехода был назначен на 26 апреля 2016 г.
Под контролем территориальных управлений Роспотребнадзора вся вакцина тОПВ была уничтожена.
Бивалентная ОПВ (бОПВ), содержащая вирус полиомиелита 1 и 3 типа, по состоянию на конец мая 2016 года еще не поступила в медицинские организации. Прививки против полиомиелита пока проводятся только инактивированными вакцинами против полиомиелита.